Charge forming apparatus



Feb. 1, 1944. D. H. CLEEM" CHARGE FORMING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 12, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 D. H. CLEEM CHARGE FORMING APPARATUS Feb. l, 1944.

2 Sheets-Sheety 2 Filed Dec. 12, 1959- Patented Feb. 1, 1944 Delphia H. Cleem, Pembna, N. Dak.

Application December 12, 1939, Serial No. 308,86 In Canada October 6, 1939 y 1o claims. (C1. 48-144) This invention relates to a charge forming apparatus and has relation more particularly to an apparatus of this kind especially designed and adapted for use in connection with an internal combustion engine.

. It is a particular object of the invention to provide an apparatus of this kind includingl a generator for vaporizing the liquid fuel before it is delivered to the venturi of the carburetor, together with means to allow free passage of air into the carburetor at all times when the motor is in operation resulting in higher compression and increased power.

It isalso an object of the invention to provide a charge forming apparatus which permits the use of a low grade liquid fuel together with means operating to prevent the vapor generated from reverting back to liquid before reaching the cylinders of the motor.

. Another particular object of the invention is to provide a charge forming apparatus which in its operation employs the heat from the exhaust andthe suction of air to produce the proper mixture and wherein a free passage of air into the carburetor draws the vaporized fuel from a generator and delivers the same into the carburetor adjacent to and in advance of the venturi to be mixed with the valve regulated flow of air into the carburetor. v

Furthermore, it is ian object of the invention to provide an apparatus of this kind` wherein the flow of liquid fuel into agenerator'is dependent forming apparatus whereby certain important advantages are attained and the device rendered simpler, less expensive and otherwise more convenient and advantageous for use, as will be herei inafter more fully set forth.

The novel features of my invention will hereinafter be definitely claimed.

In order that my invention may be the better understood, I will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly i in section and somewhat diagrammatic in character-illustrating a charge `forming apparatus constructed in accordance with an embodiment of my invention; f

Figure 2 is a detailed sectional view taken su v Vlili stantially on the line 2-2 of Figurel;

. Figure 3 is a fragmentary View taken longitudinally throughthe generator as herein disclosed; Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view in elevation of lthe Ameans for regulating the flow of fuel into the generator under control of a butterfly within the intake manifold and more particularlythe operating shaft for said butterfly;

Figure 5 is a detailed sectional View taken substantially on the line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary view partly in section and partly in `elevation of the valve structure for regulating .the `air intake;

Figure 7 is an enlarged fragmentary view in section illustrating the free air delivery within the carburetor and the associated disch-arge for the vaporized fuel; l

.Figure 8 is a detailed sectional view taken substantially on the line 8-8 of Figure 6.

, As disclosed in the accompanying drawings, I denotes a fuel riser for an intake manifold 8 having theusu-al connection with the cylinders of the motor. The lower end of the riser I is in communication with the top of an air chamber 2 having an air inlet pipe 3in communication therewith through a side wall thereof. Operating in the pipe or conduit 3 in a conventional manner is a checkvalve 4 herein disclosedas of a butterfly type. I

The riser I has therein a `suitably positioned venturi 5 and within the riser I above the venturi 5 is a `butterfly valve 6 mountedon and rotated by arod l. This rod 'I is `to 'be operated in any desired manner. i

n Housing theintake manifold 8 into which the riser I opens is an exhaust manifold 9 and the central portion of this manfoldlll has a depending tubular outlet Ill which surrounds the riser I and .extends downwardly along the riser I to the air chamber 2. The lower portion of theoutlet l0 has` extending substantially laterally therefrom a pipe I I which is contnued'at its outer end `by the exhaust line I2 terminating as desired but sub- `opening I4 provides ready access to the interior of the pipe II particularly to facilitate the application or removal of the generator G. This generator G is preferably of a type similar to the generator as particularly described and claimed in my Patent.#2,140,07 1 dated December 13, 1938.

This generator G, as is particularly illustrated in Figure 3, comprises a metallic tube I1 within which is disposed a metallic helix I8 preferably of steel which extends substantially the entire length of the tube I1. The coils of the helix I3 contact the wall of the tube I1 so as to conduct heat from this wall into the interior of the tube. Extending within and supported by the helix I8 in spaced relation with respect to the tube l1 is a perforated steel tube I9 open at both ends. The inlet end of the tube I9 is connected to a source of liquid fuel by the'pipe 23. This pipe 2li extends outwardly thru the wall of the pipe I I and leads to a needle valve casing 2|, Figure 5.

Leading from this casing 2| and in communication with a suitable source S of liquid fuel supply is a pipe line a. This pipe line a has interposed therein a sediment trap 22 provided with a conventional drain cap 23. This line a also has interposed therein a shut off valve 24 of any desired type and in advance of the trap 22 the line a has interposed therein a conventional type` of oat chamber 25. The pipe line a also has in communication therewith and preferably in advance of the oat chamber 25 a tank 26 for gasolineor the like. The communication between the tank 26 and the line a is under control of the usual type of valve 21 while the discharge of the liquid fuel, such as kerosene or kindred low grade fuel, from the source of supply or tank S is controlled by a conventional valve 2B interposed in the line a at a point closely ad jacent to the source or tank S.

' VAs illustrated in Figure 1, the sediment trap. 22

is carried by the bottom wall of the air chamber. f

of the casing 2| has xed thereto a surrounding` sleeve or collar 32. O-utwardly of this collar 32 the -valve 3| has freely mounted thereon the disks 33. Freely mounted on the needle valve 3| between th disks 33 is kan end' portion of a lever 34.

An expansible member 35 of desired tension is interposed between the Outer disk 33 and the head 36 at theouter extremity of the valve 3|. This memberior spring 35 surrounds the needle valve 3| and serves to constantly4 exert pressure on the Vdisks `33 and the interposed end portion of the lever 34 with the innermost disk 33 contacting the ycollar or sleeve 32. the lever 34 is frictionally held or clutched to the needle valve 3| whereby rocking movement of the lever 34 will eiect a rotation of therneedle valve 3 I. However, by holding the lever 34 against swinging movement, the valve 3| may be readily turned through the medium of a head 33 to extend or retract the needle valve 3| with respect to its seat 33 in order to effect a selected regulation of the maximum flow of the fuel through the tube 23 to the generator G.

In the present embodiment of my invention` By this means LLI the lever 34 and is adapted to be contacted from above by the lever 34 to limit the extent of outward swinging movement of the lever 34 and the resultant outward movement of the needle valve 3|.

The outer end portion of the lever 34 has operatively connected therewith an end portion of a rod 4|, the opposite end of which is operatively connected, as at 42, with a rock arm 43 fixed to rotate with the operating shaft 1 for the butteriiy E. This rock arm 43 is held to the shaft 1 by the lock screw 44 whereby said rock arm 43 may Vbe radially adjusted with respect to the shaft 1 as may be preferred. By Varying the radial position of the lever 43 with respect to the shaft or stem 1 adjustment for low speed may be readily made.

. tion of the spring 45 is secured, as at 41, to the bracket 31 at a point inwardly of the casing 2|.

The connection 42 between the rod 4| and the lever 43, as herein disclosed, specifically lcomprises a longitudinally disposed slot 48 in the end portion of the rod 4| immediately adjacent to the lever 43 and in which works a laterally disposed part or pin carried by the outer end portion of the lever 43. This slot 43 is of a length to allow the buttery valve 6 to be adjusted from substantially half speed to full speed without exerting pull upon the rod 4|, but when the butterfly valve is moved below half `speed the lever 43 in its movement will have operative contact with the outer end of the slot 48 and vexert pull upon the rod 4| to eifect a closing movement of the needle valve 3| At this time it is to be particularly pointed out that it is important that the valve casing 2| be spaced `not less than two inches from the exhaust pipe so that the liquid `fuel will not vaporize before the fuel enters the generator G by the heat radiating from the pipe II.

'I'he end of the tube |1 of thergenerator G opposite from the intake pipe 2|) has leading discharge end 0f the vent tube 55 and, as par-f ticularly illustrated in Figures l and 7, the `vent tube 5D is of an internal diameter materially in excess of the major diameter of the portion of the tube or pipe 49 Within said vent tube 5U.

The'vent tube l5|! together with the associated discharge end portion of the pipe or line -49 is disposed on an upward inclination and the tube 50 is open at both ends. The inner -openend of the tube 50 is in communication vthrough a duct 5| with the air intake pipe or conduit 3 Tat a point closely adjacent to the point of communication of this pipe or conduit -3 with the air chamber 2. This duct 5|, as hereindisclosed is formed 'through an outwardly enlarged :portion 52 at the lower portion of the intake I and which enlarged portion is housed within the adjacent portions of the pipes I0 and of the exhaust manifold whereby the air passing up Athrough the duct 5| and into the intake through the vent tube 5U preheated,

It is to be particularly pointed out that the duct together with the air vent 50 provide for a free passage of air into the `manifold in advance of the venturi at all times when the motor is in operation. l

The free air passing into the intake I through the vent tube or sleeve 50 ydraws the fuel into the generator G and takes'the vaporized4 fuel from the generator G to the venturi 5 to be mixed with the proper amount of air entering the air chamber 2 through the pipe or conduit 3. It is also believed to be apparent that the heat from the exhaust in my improved apparatus heats the generator G and also maintains at even temperature the intake I so `that the vaporized fuel as it passes through the intake will not condense or return to a liquid form.

The flow of the air into the air chamber 2 is under control of the valve member `53. This valve member 53 works within the air chamber 2 and is normally maintained closed under the action of a coil spring 54 of required tension interposed between the valve member 53 and the inner end of a regulating member 55. This member 55 is provided at the axial center of its inserted end with an elongated supporting rod 5B which freely passes through an opening 51 positioned at the axial center of the valve member 53. This rod 56 serves as` a support or mounting for the valve member 53.

The adjusting member 55 threads through a side Wall of the air chamber 2 and is provided at its outer or extended extremity with an operating head 58 whereby the tension of the sp-ring 54 may be regulated or adjusted as required. The member 55 is maintained in its selected adjusted position through a conventional lock nut 59.

In starting the motor the gasoline within the tank 26 is used with of course the valve 28 closed and the low grade fuel within the pipe line a being previously drained out. After the generator G becomes hot the valve 21 is closed to shut off the flow of gasoline, the valve 28 opened whereupon the motor will continue to run on the charge produced from the low grade fuel.

The portion 60 of the wall of the air intake pipe or conduit 3 through which the duct 5l is directed is of increased thickness to allow a screw 6l to protrude more or less into the duct 5I, it being manifest that the farther the screw is moved into this duct the less amount of air will be taken in and that the amount of air may be increased at will when the screw is moved outwardly. The screw is shown as provided with a knurled finger piece 52 and a nut 63 to hold the screw in its desired adjusted position. It is also to be noted that the tube 50.adjacent to its discharge end has therein a Venturi sleeve 64 in order to give more suction on the tube or pipe 49.

The present application is partly in continuation of my application Serial No. 286,935 filed July 27, 1939 and embodies the added features pertaining to the screw 6I and the Venturi sleeve or tube B4.

From the foregoing description it is thought to be obvious that a charge forming apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention is particularly well adapted for use by reason of the convenience and facility with which it may be assembled and operated, and it will also be obvious that my invention is susceptible of some change and modification without departing from the principles and spirit thereof and for this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise arrangement and formation of the several parts herein shown in carrying` out my invention in practice except as `hereinafter claimed.

1. A charge forming apparatus for an internal combustion` engine comprising, in combination, an intake; delivering to the cylinders of the motor, said Aintake having a venturi therein, a valve controlledy air passage in communication with the `intake below the venturi, means in communication with the intake closely adjacent to the narrow part of the venturi for the free admission of air to the intake, means for'delivering air free fuel to the intake` adjacent the said ad-` mission means, and means for vaporing the fuel passing through the fuel delivering means.

`2. A charge forming apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprising, in combination, an intake delivering to the cylinders of the motor, said intake having a venturi therein, a valve controlled air passage in communication with the `intake below the venturi, a free air passageway venting at one end into said intake adjacent to the narrow part of the venturi, a fuel delivery line` discharging at one end in the venting end of the free air passagewayand into the intake and means for vaporizing the fuel in and passing through the fuel line.

3. A chargeforming apparatus for an internal combustion motor comprising, in combination, an intake delivering to the cylinders of the motor, said intake having a venturi therein, an air passage in communication with the intake below the venturi, a suction opened valve controlling said air passage, means in communication with the intake closely adjacent to and between the narrow part of the venturi and said valve for the free admission of air to the intake, means for de livering fuel free of air to the intake adjacent the discharge end of said free air admission means, and means for vaporizing the fuel before the fuel is delivered into the intake.

4. A charge forming apparatus for an internal combustion motor comprising, in combination, an intake delivering to the cylinders of the motor, said intake having a venturi therein, an air passage in communication with the intake below the venturi, a suction opened valve controlling said air passage, a free air passage having a discharge end in communication with the intake closely adjacent to and between the narrow part of the venturi and said valve for the free admission of air to the intake, means for delivering air free fuel into the intake closely adjacent to the discharge end of said free air admission means, and means for heating the air as it travels through the said free air passage.

5. A charge forming apparatus'comprising an intake delivering to a fuel consuming device, said intake having a venturi therein, a valve controlled air passage leading into the intake below the venturi, a free air passage having one end opening into the intake within the venturi, a venturi in the said free air passageway adjacent the said one end of the free air passageway, and a fuel delivery line opening into the second mentioned venturi adjacent the narrow part thereof for discharge of fuel free of air into and through the second mentioned venturi to flow from the said end of the free air passageway into the narrow part of the first mentioned venturi and into the intake.

6. A charge forming apparatus for an internal combustion engine, comprising an intake pipe communicating at one end with the cylinders of the engine, a venturi in said pipe, the other end of the pipe receiving fuel-free air, a tube extending obliquely into the pipe and terminating at the axial center thereof and opening into the venturi radjacent the narrower part thereof, means for delivering fuel-free air to said tube, a venturi in the tube adjacent the end kopening into the venturi of the intake pipe, and means for delivering fuel into the venturi of the tube for admixture with air entering the intake pipe by way of the tube.

7. A charge forming apparatus as set forth in kclaim 6, including two valves controlling the admission of air to the intake pipe, the said air delivering means for said tube leading off :from said pipe at a point between the itwo valves, and that one of the tWo valves ynearest to the rst venturi being constructed and arranged to open in response to a predetermined pressure reduction in the intake pipe upon the venturi side of the said one valve.

8. A charge forming device comprising an intake for a fuel consuming device, a butterfly valve mounted therein, an operating shaft therefor, a fuel line delivering within the intake, a valve mechanism including a valve member for controlling the flow through said fuel line, said valve member being of a needletype, a rock arm loosely mounted on the valve member to permit the valve member to be adjusted independently of the rock arm, means for releasably locking the rock arm to the valve member to permit said valve memu ber and rock arm to move in unison, and an operative connection between the shaft of the butterfly valve and said rock arm for swinging said rock arm upon turning movement of the shaft of the butterfly valve.

'9. .A charge forming `device comprising an intake for .a fuel consuming device, a butterfly valve mounted therein, Van operating shaft therefor, a fuel line delivering within the intake, a valve mechanism including a valve member for controlling the now through said fuel line, said valve member being of a needle type, a rock arm loosely mounted on .the valve member to permit the valve member to be adjusted independently of the rock arm, means for releasably locking the rock arm to the valve member to permit said valve member and rock arm to move in unison, an operative connection between the shaft of the butteriiy valve and said rock arm for swinging said rock arm upon turning movement of the shaft of the butterfly valve, and means for limiting the movement of therock arm in `one direction.

10. A charge forming device comprising an intake for a fuellconsuming device, a butteriiy valve mounted therein, an operating shaft therefor, a fuel line delivering within the intake, a valve mechanism including a valve member for controlling the ow through said fuel line, said valve member being of a needletype, a rock arm loosely mounted on the valve member to permit the valve member to be adjusted independently of the rock arm, means for releasably locking the rock arm to the valve member to permit said valve member and rock arm to move in unison, an operative connection between the shaft of the butterfly valve and said rock arm for swinging said rock arm upon turning movement of the shaft of thel butterfly valve, means for limiting the movement of the rock arm in yone direction, and means for normally maintaining said rock arm at such limit of its movement.

DELPHIA H. CLEEM. 

